Inpacts of nature of work, social environment and benefits on movivation of employees: The case of a public organization in britain

This study explored the impacts of nature of work, social environment and benefits on

employee motivation at the Environment Agency (EA) as responding to the continuous

public sector pay restraint, which has already been in place for seven years in Britain. A mix

methods of primary data collection was employed including a questionnaire survey

generating quantitative data, preceded by qualitative, semi-structured interviews. The

questionnaire was sent out to a sample of 500 employees selected from the National Office

group using stratified sampling technique. 197 people responded within two weeks, making a

response rate of 39.4%. The findings indicate that a more favourable attitude toward the

meaningfullness and worthiness of work as well as equality and recognition have significantly

positive impacts on employee’s (self-reported) motivation level. Recommendations based on

these findings are also provided.

Inpacts of nature of work, social environment and benefits on movivation of employees: The case of a public organization in britain trang 1

Trang 1

Inpacts of nature of work, social environment and benefits on movivation of employees: The case of a public organization in britain trang 2

Trang 2

Inpacts of nature of work, social environment and benefits on movivation of employees: The case of a public organization in britain trang 3

Trang 3

Inpacts of nature of work, social environment and benefits on movivation of employees: The case of a public organization in britain trang 4

Trang 4

Inpacts of nature of work, social environment and benefits on movivation of employees: The case of a public organization in britain trang 5

Trang 5

Inpacts of nature of work, social environment and benefits on movivation of employees: The case of a public organization in britain trang 6

Trang 6

Inpacts of nature of work, social environment and benefits on movivation of employees: The case of a public organization in britain trang 7

Trang 7

Inpacts of nature of work, social environment and benefits on movivation of employees: The case of a public organization in britain trang 8

Trang 8

Inpacts of nature of work, social environment and benefits on movivation of employees: The case of a public organization in britain trang 9

Trang 9

Inpacts of nature of work, social environment and benefits on movivation of employees: The case of a public organization in britain trang 10

Trang 10

Tải về để xem bản đầy đủ

pdf 29 trang xuanhieu 2660
Bạn đang xem 10 trang mẫu của tài liệu "Inpacts of nature of work, social environment and benefits on movivation of employees: The case of a public organization in britain", để tải tài liệu gốc về máy hãy click vào nút Download ở trên

Tóm tắt nội dung tài liệu: Inpacts of nature of work, social environment and benefits on movivation of employees: The case of a public organization in britain

Inpacts of nature of work, social environment and benefits on movivation of employees: The case of a public organization in britain
 feel they are doing an interesting and meaningful work, 
management style is very important. Managers need to strive to allocate work that best aligns 
with their team members’ skills and interests. Investigating employees’ strengths and helping 
to develop them through appropriate goal setting and mentoring will create challenging and 
interesting work for employees. Likewise, giving employees the opportunities to choose the 
assignments matched their personal preferences and strengths is another way of promoting 
intrinsic motivation. Employees should also be included in decision-making process, which 
gives them a stake in the success of the organisation. They will feel valued as well as 
achieved something worthwhile. Thus, training for managers about the importance and 
conduct of those skills should be one of the key practices that drive employees’ motivation. 
In addition, organising outdoor days that allows office workers to participate in actual field 
works of helping the community environment will enhance their feeling about the importance
of their contribution. 
651
References 
ACCA (2012) Talent Attraction and Retention in Large Accounting Firms [online]. ACCA. 
Available from: 
PDFs/talent-attraction-singapore.pdf [Accessed 17 September 2017].
Adams, S. (1963) Toward an understanding of inequity. Journal of Abnormal and Social 
Psychology. 67, pp. 422-436. 
Al-Zawahreh, A. and Al-Maldi, F. (2012) The utility of equity theory in enhancing 
organisational effectiveness. European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative 
Sciences. 46, pp. 158-170. 
Bach, S. (2016) Deprivileging the public sector workforce: Austerity, fragmentation and 
service withdrawal in Britain. The Economic and Labour Relations Review. 27(1), pp. 11-28. 
Barron, K. and Harackiewicz, J. (2001) Achievement goals and optimal motivation: Testing 
multiple goal models. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 80, pp. 706–722.
Blackburn, R. and Mann, M. (1979) The Working Class in the Labour Market. London: 
Macmillan. 
Booth-Smith, L. and Leigh, D. (2016) A New Public Service Ethos: Next Generation Public 
Service Reform [online]. Localis and Grant Thornton. Available at: 
kingdom/pdf/publication/2016/a-new-public-service-ethos.pdf [Accessed 06 September 
2017]. 
Boyne, G. (2002) Public and private management: What is the difference? Journal of 
Management Studies. 39(1), pp. 97-122.
Brooks, I. (2009) Organisational Behaviour. 4th ed. London: Pearson. 
Browne, K. (2013) Unique factors for motivating engineers: A motivation meta theory 
approach. Doctor of Business Administration. Available at: 
[Accessed 29 June 2017]. 
652
Buelens, M. and Broeck, H. (2007) An analysis of differences in work motivation between 
public and private sector organisations. Public Administration Review. 67(1) pp. 65-74. 
Cherry, F. and Deaux, K. (1978) Fear of success versus fear of gender-inappropriate 
behaviour. Sex Roles. 4, pp. 97–102.
De Lange, A., Yperen, N., Van der Heijden, B. and Bal, M. (2010) Dominant achievement 
goals of older workers and their relationship with motivation-related outcomes. Journal of 
Vocational Behaviour. 77(1), pp. 118-125. 
DeBeer, M. (1987) 'n Ondersoek na die rol wat arbeidsomset in die bedryf speel met 
spesifieke verwysing na werkbevrediging en werksmotivering. Master, University of the Free 
State. 
DEFRA (2017) Defra Group: Equality, Diversity and Inclusion Strategy 2017 to 2020
[online]. DEFRA. Available at: 
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/585990/defra-
group-equality-diversity-and-inclusion-strategy-2017-to-2020.pdf [Accessed 18 September 
2017]. 
Eccles, J. (1994) Understanding women’s educational and occupational choices: Applying 
the Eccles et al. model of achievement-related choices. Psychology of Women Quarterly. 18, 
pp. 585–610.
The Environment Agency (EA) (2016) Environment Agency Annual report and accounts for 
the financial year 2015 to 2016 [online]. UK: The Environment Agency. Available from: 
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/538604/LIT_1
0494.pdf [Accessed 03 July 2017]. 
The Environment Agency (2017) The Work of the Environment Agency. Environment 
Agency. 
Eberendu, A. and Kenneth-Okere, R. (2015) An empirical review of motivation as a 
constituent to employees’ retention. Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering 
and Science. 5(2), pp. 06-15.
Erickson, T. (2008) Don’t treat them like baby boomers. Business Week. August, p. 64. 
653
Fapohunda, T. (2013) An exploration of gender based differences in workplace values. 
International Journal of Human Resource Studies. 3(3), pp. 50-61. 
Federal Reserve Bank of Boston (2005) Large Stakes and Big Mistakes. Boston: Federal 
Reserve Bank of Boston. 
Fertik, M. (2011) Managing and motivating employees in their twenties. Harvard Business 
Review [online]. [Accessed 10 September 2017]. 
Gibson, J., Ivancevich, J., Donnelly, J. and Konopaske, R. (2003) Organisations: Behaviour, 
Structure, Processes. 11st ed. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. 
Gino, F. and Brooks, A. (2015) Explaining gender differences at the top. Harvard Business 
Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/2015/09/explaining-gender-differences-at-the-top
[Accessed 26 June 2017]. 
Goodman, M. (2006) Corporate communication practice and pedagogy at the dawn of the 
new millennium. Corporate Communications: An International Journal. 11(3), pp. 196-213.
Goodman, P. and Friedman, A. (1971) An examination of Adams’ theory of equity. 
Administrative Science Quarterly, 16.Grimshaw, D., Marchinton, M., Rubery, J. and 
Willmott, H. (2005) Fragmenting Work: Blurring Organisational Boundaries and 
Disordering Hierarchies. New York: Oxford University Press. 
Goudreau, J. (2013) 7 surprising ways to motivate millennial workers. Forbes [blog]. 07 
March. Available from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jennagoudreau/2013/03/07/7-
surprising-ways-to-motivate-millennial-workers/#24924e62c79f [Accessed 10 September 
2017]. 
Guay, F., Chanal, J., Ratelle, C., Marsh, H., Larose, S. and Boivin, M. (2010) Intrinsic, 
identified, and controlled types of motivation for school subjects in young elementary school 
children. British Journal of Educational Psychology. 80(4), pp. 711–735. 
Gujarati, D. (2015) Econometrics by Example, 2nd ed. London: Palgrave. 
Guth, W. and Tagiuri, R. (2007) The Sociology of Values. Annual Review of sociology. pp.
27-49. 
654
Hagstrom, W. (1965). The Scientific Community. New York: Basic. 
Hebson, G., Grimshaw, D. and Marchington, M. (2003) PPPs and the changing public sector 
ethos: case-study evidence from the health and local authority sectors. Work Employment and 
Society. 17(3), pp. 483-503. 
Hershatter, A. and Epstein, M. (2010) Millennials and the world of work: An organization 
and management perspective. Journal of Business and Psychology. 25, pp. 211–223.
Herzberg, F., Mausner, B. and Synderman, B. (1959) The Motivation to Work. New York: 
John Wiley & Son. 
Herzberg, F. (1968) One more time: How do we motivate employees? Harvard Business 
Review. 6(1), pp. 53-62. 
Hitka, M., Vetráková, M. and Balážová, Z. (2016) Differences in motivation between male 
and female in Slovakia in 2015. Modern Applied Science. 10(1), pp. 52-64.
Hoffman, L. (1972) Early childhood experiences and women’s achievement motives. Journal 
of Social Issues, 28(2), pp. 129–155.
Horner, M. S. (1969) Fail: Bright women. Psychology Today. 3(6), p. 36. 
House, R. and Wigdor, L. (1967) Herzberg’s dual-factor theory of job satisfaction and 
motivation: A review of the empirical evidence and a criticism. Personnel Psychology. 
Winter, pp. 369-380.
Hyde, J. and Kling, K. (2001) Women, motivation, and achievement. Psychology of Women 
Quarterly. 25, pp. 364-378. 
Inceoglu, I., Segers, J. and Bartram, D. (2012) Age-related differences in work motivation. 
Journal of Occupational and Organisational Psychology. 85, pp. 300-329. 
Jaworski, B. (2009) Boom times. Benefits Canada [online] 01 September. Available from: 
 [Accessed by 26 
June 2017]. 
655
Jenkins, S. (1987) Need for achievement and women’s careers over 14 years: Evidence for 
occupational structure effects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 53, pp. 922–
932.
Jindal-Snape, D. and Snape, J. (2006) Motivation of scientists in a government research 
institute: Scientist’ perceptions and the role of management. Management Decision. 44(10), 
pp. 1325-1343. 
John, P. and Johnson, M. (2008) Is there still a public sector ethos? In: Park, A., Curtice, J., 
Thomson, K., Phillips, M., Johnson, M. and Clery, E. (2008) British Social Attitudes: the 
24th Report. London: Sage, pp. 105-125. 
Jones I., Martin S. and Whittington L. (2015) Coping with the Cuts: Lessons from English 
Councils’ Responses to Budget Reductions. Cardiff: Public Policy Institute for Wales.͒ 
Jurkiewicz, C. and Brown, R. (1998) Generational comparisons of public employee 
motivation. Review of Public Personnel Administration. 18, pp. 18-37.
Kassa, T. (2015) Employee motivation and its effect on employee retention in Ambo mineral 
water factory. International Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and 
Management Studies. 3(3), pp. 10-21. 
Katz, R. (2004) The Human Side of Managing Technological Innovation. Cambridge: 
Harvard Business Review Books. 
Kea, H. (2008) How are NASA Engineers Motivated? An Analysis of Factors that Influence 
NASA Goddard Engineers’ Level of Motivation. PhD, Antioch University. 
Kooij, D., de Lange, A., Jansen, P. Kanfer, R. and Dikkers, J. (2011) Age and work-related 
motives: Results of a meta-analysis. Journal of Organisational Behaviour. 32, pp. 197-225.
Lancaster, L. and Stillman, D. (2002) When generations collide: Who they are. Why they 
clash. How to solve the generational puzzle at work. New York: Harper Business. 
Locke, E. (1968) Toward a theory of task motivation and incentives. Organisational 
Behaviour and Human Performance. May, pp. 157-189. 
656
Maehr, M. and Kleiber, D. (1981) The graying of achievement motivation. American 
Psychologist. 36, pp. 787-793.
Maidment, J. (2017) Theresa May ‘set to lift 1% public sector pay cap’. The Telegraph
[online]. 04 September. Available from: 
[Accessed 24 October 2017]. 
Maslow, A. (1943) A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review. 50(4), pp. 370-396. 
Mednick, M. and Thomas, V. (1993) Women and the psychology of achievement: A view 
from the eighties. In: Denmark, F. and Paludi, M. (1993) Psychology of Women: A Handbook 
of Issues and Theories. Westport, CT: Greenwood. 
Miner, J. (1984) The validity and usefulness of theories in an emerging organizational 
science. Academy of Management Review. 9, pp. 296-306.
Moynihan, D. and Pandey, S. (2007) The role of organisations in fostering public service 
motivation. Public Administration Review. 67(1), pp. 40-53.
Mulkay, M. and Turner, B. (1971) Over-production of personnel and innovation in three 
social settings. Sociology. 5(January), pp. 47-62. 
Myers, S. (1966) Conditions for manager motivation. Harvard Business Review [online]. 
Available at: https://hbr.org/1966/01/conditions-for-manager-motivation [Accessed 29 June 
2017]. 
Ng, E., Schweitzer, L. and Lyons, S. (2010) New generation, great expectations: A field 
study of the millennial generation. Journal of Business and Psychology. 25, pp. 281–292.
Norris, P. (2003) Is there still a public service ethos? Work values, experience, and job 
satisfaction among government workers. In: Donahue, J. and Nye Jr., J., eds. (2003) For the 
People: Can We Fix Public Service? Washington D.C: Brookings Institution Press. 
O’Brien, R. (2007) A caution regarding rules of thumb for variance inflation factors. Quality 
& Quantity [online]. 41 (5), pp. 673-690. [Accessed 19 November 2017]. 
657
Perry, J. (1996) Measuring public service motivation: An assessment of construct reliability 
and validity. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. 6(1), pp. 5–22.
Pratchett, L. and Wingfield, M. (1994) The Public Sector Ethos in Local Government: a 
research report. London: Commission for Local Democracy. 
Pratchett, L. and Wingfield, M. (1996) Petty bureaucracy and woolly minded liberalism? The 
changing ethos of local government officers. Public Administration. 74, pp. 639-656.
Public Administration Committee (2002) Seventh Report, the Public Service Ethos. London: 
HMSO. 
Rhodes, S. (1983) Age-related differences in work attitudes and behaviour: A review and 
conceptual analysis. Psychological Bulletin. 93, pp. 328-367.
Ruthankoon, R. and Ogunlana, S. (2003) Testing Herzberg’s two-factor theory in Thai 
Construction Industry. 10(5), pp. 333-341. 
Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A. (2012) Research Methods for Business Students.
6th ed. Harlow: Pearson. 
Terpstra, R. (2012) Motivating and working with engineers as a business person. Forbes 
[blog]. 11 June. Available from: 
https://www.forbes.com/sites/ryanterpstra/2012/06/11/motivating-and-working-with-
engineers-as-a-business-person/#9339ddf8cd9e [Accessed 29 June 2017]. 
Thompson, C. and Gregory, J. (2012) Managing Millennials: A framework for improving 
attraction, motivation and retention. Psychologist-Manager Journal. 15, pp. 237-246.
Twenge, J. (2006) Generation Me: Why Today’s Young Americans are More Confident, 
Assertive, Entitled and More Miserable than Ever Before. New York: Free Press. 
Tyler, L. (1965) The Psychology of Human Differences. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. 
Ufuophu-Biri, E. and Iwu, C. (2014) Job motivation, job performance and gender relations in 
the broadcast sector in Nigeria. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. 5(16), pp. 191-198. 
658
Van de Berg, P. (2011) Characteristics of the work environment related to older employees’ 
willingness to continue working: Intrinsic motivation as a mediator. Psychological Reports.
109(1), pp. 174-186. 
Venkatesan , R., Varghese, K and Ananthanarayanan, K. (2009) Motivation and demotivation 
‘cause factors’ for engineers in construction organisations. In: Dainty, A., ed. Procs 25th
Annual ARCOM Conference. Nottingham, 7-9 September 2009. Association of Research in 
Construction Management, pp. 145-153. 
Veroff, J., Depner, C., Kukla, R. and Douvan, E. (1980) Comparison of American motives: 
1957 versus 1976. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 39, pp. 1004–1013.
Warr, P. (2008). Work values: Some demographic and cultural correlates. Journal of 
Occupational and Organizational Psychology. 81, pp. 751–775.
Worthley, R., MacNab, B., Brislin, R., Ito, K. and Rose, E. (2009) Workforce motivation in 
Japan: an examination of gender differences and management perceptions. The International 
Journal of Human Resource Management. 20(7), pp. 1503-1520.
659

File đính kèm:

  • pdfinpacts_of_nature_of_work_social_environment_and_benefits_on.pdf