Employing native English-Speaking teachers for English courses: Stakeholders’ perceptions
Native English-speaking teachers (NESTs) are needed to teach English at
many universities in Vietnam because they are commonly regarded as
models for communication in English. Yet, does this rationale correspond
with the views of students who enrolled in high-quality programmes and
administrators (departmental and functional leaders who are administering
the programmes)? This article reports on research carried out with
university students and leaders at University A (A pseudonym was used for
the researched institution) in Vietnam, exploring stakeholders’ (specifically
students and institutional leaders) perceptions of employing NESTs to teach
English speaking skills. Data were collected through an open-ended
questionnaire with 65 students and in-depth interviews with 40 students
(those who participated in the interviews also responded to the
questionnaire) and interviews with four leaders. Data were thematically
analysed through an inductive approach. The major factors that could help
NESTs meet students’ expectations were their teaching methods and the
extent to which they could interact with students together with
communicative competence and cultural knowledge. Students viewed NESTs
as models for communicating in English but also had difficulty in
understanding these teachers when there were differences in culture and
language uses. It was indicated by leaders that NESTs are employed as a
motivating and diversifying source of teaching staff and marketing
communication figures for the institution. The findings suggest that to meet
students’ expectations, it is necessary that NESTs improve their teaching
methods, receive training and be under a screening procedure of recruitment
and quality assurance. Employing NESTs is a trend in Vietnam, but quality
procedures need to be established for assuring that these NESTs comply with
the quality expectation at the institution
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Tóm tắt nội dung tài liệu: Employing native English-Speaking teachers for English courses: Stakeholders’ perceptions
nsider having long-term contracts with them through recruitment policies. All the leader participants have the same view on the issue: It is necessary to consider recruiting NESTs as tenured teaching staff so that they become responsible and committed to teaching for long-term interest. It is possible to assign them to teaching a complete course. Every semester, the staffing of NESTs keeps changing, so new NESTs do not know about our organisational culture. (DL-INT) Long-term contracts may make NESTs responsible for students’ learning. It is also crucial to assign them more teaching hours. (LAA-INT) These leaders agreed that employing NESTs is a way to market the institution’s brand, especially the high quality programmes. 5. CONCLUSION The employment of NESTs for high quality programmes at University A was grounded by students’ and leaders’ perceptions of their linguistic competence. In fact, native speaker teachers were necessary for students to improve English. This presents a high demand of NESTs for English courses at the university. NESTs represent motivating models of pronunciation, fluency, and communication that helped improve students’ speaking and listening skills. These teachers provided conditions for students’ practice provided that they have appropriate teaching methods together with experience. As a good example of using natural English, these teachers may encourage communication and the development of communicative competence. However, the concerns of using NESTs are associated with their teaching methodology. When NESTs lacked sound teaching methods, they may fail to engage students in learning. Their cultural background can be a source for students to learn how to communicate internationally, but it also restricts communication and inhibits students’ understanding of messages delivered due to the lack of shared values. Thus, several solutions to address the concerns may include offering NESTs proper training, engaging them in co-teaching with local English teachers, and establishing a standardised procedure for recruitment and teaching improvement. The findings from this study have posed some areas for further examination of the issue being addressed. These may include the relationship An Giang University Journal of Science – 2019, Vol. 6, 1 – 17 13 between students’ learning and the quality of NESTs, the possible implementation of co- teaching for high quality programmes, and the effectiveness of NESTs’ teaching and student learning outcomes. Another issue to consider is investigating the problem from the NESTs’ perspectives. Acknowledgement The authors acknowledge the students and the leaders that kindly agreed to participate in this study and share their experiences in the interviews. REFERENCES Alptekin, C. (1991). A look into the use of native speaker teachers in EFL programs. 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An Giang University Journal of Science – 2019, Vol. 6, 1 – 17 16 APPENDIX A Open-ended self-report questionnaire for student participants Project title: Employing native English-speaking teachers for English courses: Stakeholders’ perceptions Thank you for giving me your time today. The purpose of this questionnaire is to hear from your perceptions of employing native English-speaking teachers for English courses. I hope you feel free to be frank. I have a list of quesitions I would like you to discuss. Please answer the following questions: 1. What are your expectations when studying English with NESTs? ....................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... 2. In your view, what are the advantages of learning English with NESTs? ....................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... 3. What are the problems you are having with NESTs? ....................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... 4. What could be done to solve the problems? ....................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... Thank you very much for your help with my research. Best wishes, An Giang University Journal of Science – 2019, Vol. 6, 1 – 17 17 APPENDIX B Guiding questions for interviews with leader participants Project title: Employing native English-speaking teachers for English courses: Stakeholders’ perceptions Thank you for giving me your time today. The purpose of this questionnaire is to hear from your perceptions of employing native English-speaking teachers for English courses. I hope you feel free to be frank. I have a list of quesitions I would like you to discuss. Please answer the following questions: 1. What are your expectations when employing NESTs to teach the English courses? 2. In your view, what are the advantages students can have when they learn English with NESTs? 3. What are the problems students have with NESTs? 4. What could be done to solve the problems? Thank you very much for your help with my research. Best wishes, Nguyen Vu Phuong
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