Applying the butler’s tourist area life cycle model to classify tourist destinations on Thanh Hoanghean’s coastline

 Flexible service time; Qualified staff, good skills, friendly, 
enthusiastic, responsible; Make public service charges; Treat all customers equally. 
Management 
(8 p) 
Management 
Having a management board with clear organizational structure, functions and 
tasks; The Management Board shall handle the problems of tourist destinations in a 
smooth and responsible manner, ensuring the annual growth of the whole area; 
Issue and control the implementation of regulations and rules of behavior related to 
tourism related phenomena. 
/1 
Natural 
environment and 
sanitation 
Fresh air, no pollution; Surface water (lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, fountains, ...); 
Waste is not discarded along roads, tourist sites and surface water sources; Equipment 
in tourist destinations such as lights, signs, monuments, small scenes, clean and clean; 
The areas selling products, souvenirs, food items must ensure common sanitation; 
Waste is collected in the fixed locations; The area under construction is covered. 
/1 
Process rubbish 
Having a plan to ensure environmental sanitation in tourist destinations; Having a 
system of waste collection, average of at least 01 garbage bin with cover / 300m 
along internal roads; There is a place where garbage is collected from both 
destinations; Having a separate waste treatment system in the tourist destination or 
a means of transporting garbage to local waste treatment sites with a frequency of 
once a day; Use of specialized high tech support tools (using chemicals allowed for 
pollution treatment, waste treatment, etc.) in appropriate areas. 
/1 
Sanitation 
There are standard public toilets for tourists at the functional areas and main 
attractions; There are mobile toilets in other public areas. 
/1 
The friendliness of 
the local 
community 
Local communities do not engage in harassing tourists (clinging to customers for 
sale, offering services ...); Communicating, behaving cultural identity and 
civilization of local people; Ready to support tourists (directions, directions, ...); 
Respecting culture, behavior of tourists from the region to the local; Be ready to 
introduce and guide tourists to integrate and experience the local culture style. 
/1 
Organization of 
security and order 
There is a security and order department, specialized teams are located at points /1 
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and there is a team of supervisors, specialized patrols. 
A plan to ensure 
security and safety 
for tourists 
Having a plan to ensure security and safety for travelers in normal conditions with 
simple, common problems; There is a hot line connected to local departments to 
coordinate the work of ensuring security and safety for tourists. (Support the resort 
in coordinating the problem solving over functions. of the resort), dispatch staff on 
the hotline 24/7; To take the initiative in evacuating people and property in case of 
natural calamities, fires and other serious incidents. 
/1 
Facilities to ensure 
security and safety 
for tourists 
Have security checkpoints in the tourist destination and at each functional 
subdivision; Security forces are equipped with uniforms and the minimum 
equipment to ensure security and safety for tourists; Modern, high-resolution, 
high-resolution camera system for surveillance of major tourist attractions and 
functional areas; Automatic fire alarm system in the buildings; Having a 
loudspeaker system for reporting incidents and emergencies; Have a system of 
barriers to isolate dangerous areas; Water fountains and water tanks for 
firefighting in functional areas; There are special vehicles for patrol and security 
control in the tourist destination .. and specialized equipment for transportation or 
rescue such as bicycles, motorbikes, lifeboats. 
/1 
Infrastructure 
(5 p) 
Road system 
Access to the site can be directly connected to the national transportation system 
through at least 2 of the 4 modes of transport: road, rail, water, air (not through the 
system). inter-district roads or short distances); There is a gateway to the resort; 
These gateways are distributed from many directions, many different locations 
bordering the tourist area to facilitate the means of transportation. 
/1 
Signs approaching 
tourist destinations 
Signage signs, access to the resort; Placement of suitable signs (in front of crossroads); 
The number and location of the appropriate instructions (with signs at all forks, 
crossroads leading to the resort); Clearly designed signboards (size of signboards, font 
size, information picture, color, etc.), informative content; Bilingual expressions. 
/1 
Internal roads 
100% of internal road system is covered with concrete / plastic and wide to ensure 
traffic safety for 2 lanes. 
/1 
Power system 
Design and installation of lighting systems with modern, environmentally friendly 
equipment, energy saving along internal roads, accommodation, functional areas and all 
attractions. in the resort; Having backup power system; There is an art lighting system. 
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Water supply and 
drainage system 
Having clean water system to meet the demand of clean water; Water purification 
system according to international standards (can be taken immediately without 
boiling) to serve the needs of guests; water and pipe systems, fountains for fire 
fighting; drainage system to ensure environmental hygiene; wastewater treatment 
system to ensure environmental safety; Waste water treatment for reuse for needs 
such as watering plants, sanitation, etc. 
/1 
Local 
participation 
(10 p) 
Workers are local 
people in tourist 
destinations 
Employers are local people (from 3% of total workers in the whole resort or more); 
Deductions from the turnover of the tourist area to support the annual movement of 
the locality; To deduct the turnover of the tourist areas in support of the 
construction and upgrading of local public works annually; The percentage of local 
households participating in doing business in the tourist area is 5% or more. 
/10 
Visitor Satisfaction (15 p) (Vouchers from Vietnam Tourism Administration) /15 
The total number of points per Tourist Destination in the range of 1 to 100 and is grouped into five groups that are characteristic of 
the four categories that follow the development of Butler's TALC model. Tourist Destinations have a score of 1.0 - 24.9, which is 
classified as the discovered stages (exploration); Scores 25.0 - 49.9 are classified as periods of involvement stagae; Scores 50.0 - 74.9 are 
classified as developmental stage; Scores 75.0 - 100,0 are classified as consolidation stage. 
5. Classification results 
The results of our study are summarized in Table 2. 
According to the criteria tourism resources, Sam Son and Cua the highest scores (11/15 and 11/15 respectively). Followed by Hai 
Tien, Hai Hoa, Quynh Phuong, Quynh Bang, Cua Hien and Bai Lu reached 5/15. 
According to the number of visitors, Sam Son is the best is followed by Cua Lo. These are also two destinations that have been 
developed for decades. The ones with fewer visitors are Hai Tien, Hai Hoa, Bai Lu, Cua Hien and Cua Hoi. 
From the criteria for tourism products and services, Sam Son and Cua Lo reached the highest score (15/17). Very few tourist 
products, or local products that have not yet become commodities such as mangroves, are new discoveries. 
Up to 21/32 destinations without management board and management are spontaneous (managed by individuals or commune level). This 
is also the point where infrastructure is almost undeveloped, especially infrastructure for tourism purposes. It is noteworthy that the unmanaged 
areas and undeveloped infrastructure have quite active local participation in tourism activities. Of course, these activities are not managed.
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Table 2. Summary of scores for each criterion group and classification of the Tourist Destinations by stage 
No. 
Score of eachcriterion group 
Tourist Destinations 
1 
(15) 
2 
(30) 
3 
(17) 
4 
(8) 
5 
(5) 
6 
(10) 
7 
(15) 
Total Stages 
 Thanh Hoa province 
1 Ngason Mangroves 3 1 2 0 0 1 2 9 exploration 
2 Daloc Mangroves, Hauloc 3 1 1 0 0 1 2 8 exploration 
3 Haitien Seaside, Hoanghoa 5 5 5 4 2 3 6 30 involvement 
4 Samson city 11 26 15 6 3 7 10 78 development 
5 The South Samson Seaside 5 6 5 3 1 2 3 25 involvement 
6 Quanghai Seaside, Quangxuong 3 2 2 0 0 1 1 9 exploration 
7 Quangthai Seaside, Quangxuong 3 2 2 0 0 1 1 9 exploration 
8 Quangloi Seaside, Quangxuong 5 6 4 3 2 2 4 26 involvement 
9 Quangnham Seaside, Quangxuong 4 2 2 1 0 1 1 11 exploration 
10 Haininh Seaside, Tinhgia 4 2 2 0 0 1 1 10 exploration 
11 Ninhhai Seaside, Tinhgia 4 2 2 0 0 1 1 10 exploration 
12 Haian Seaside, Tinhgia 4 2 2 0 0 1 1 10 exploration 
13 Hailinh Seaside, Tinhgia 4 2 2 0 0 1 1 10 exploration 
14 Tandan Seaside, Tinhgia 4 4 2 0 0 1 1 11 exploration 
15 Haihoa, Tinhgia 5 9 6 2 2 2 4 30 involvement 
16 Haithanh Seaside, Tinhgia 4 4 3 0 0 1 1 13 exploration 
16 Haibinh Seaside, Tinhgia 4 3 3 0 0 1 1 13 exploration 
17 Dong Seaside, Tinhgia 5 6 5 2 1 2 4 25 involvement 
 Nghe An province 
18 Dongthanh Seaside, Hoangmai Town 4 3 1 0 0 1 1 10 exploration 
19 Quynhphuong Seaside, Hoangmai Town 5 6 5 2 1 2 4 25 involvement 
20 Quynhlien Seaside, Quynhluu 4 3 2 0 0 1 1 11 exploration 
21 Quynhbang Seaside. Quynhluu 5 4 4 0 1 2 1 17 exploration 
22 Quynhluong Seaside, Quynhluu 4 3 2 0 0 1 1 11 exploration 
23 Quynhminh Seaside, Quynhluu 4 3 2 0 0 1 1 11 exploration 
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24 Quynhnghia Seaside, Quynhluu 4 3 2 0 0 1 1 11 exploration 
25 Tienthuy Seaside, Quynhluu 4 3 2 0 0 1 1 11 exploration 
26 Lachvan Mangroves, Dienchau 3 1 1 0 0 1 1 7 exploration 
27 Dienthanh Seaside, Dienchau 4 3 2 1 0 1 1 12 exploration 
28 Cuahien Seaside, Dienchau 5 6 5 1 1 3 4 25 involvement 
29 Bailu Seaside, Nghiloc 5 7 5 1 1 3 4 26 involvement 
30 Cualo city 11 24 15 6 3 7 9 75 development 
31 Cuahoi, Nghiloc 5 6 5 2 1 2 4 25 involvement 
32 Hunghoa Mangroves (Vinh city) 3 1 1 0 0 1 1 7 exploration 
Notes for table 2: 1: Tourist Resources (15p); 2: Visitors (30p); 3: Products and services (17p); 
4: Management (8p); 5:Infrastructure (5p); 6: Local participation (10p); 7: Visitor Satisfaction (15p) 
6. Recommendations 
To develop tourism into a key economic sector in the economic structure of Thanh-Nghe coastal areas. Through this study, we 
suggest that the following solutions be implemented: 
Planning solution. For planned tourist destinations, it is necessary to continue reviewing, supplementing and adjusting the planning 
in the direction of both developing tourism and protecting the natural, cultural and social environment. For unplanned destinations, 
general planning and detailed planning of tourist destinations should be carried out and published on most media. 
Promote the diversification and uniquenes of tourism products and services associated with the natural, cultural and social 
characteristics of each coastal tourism site. 
Infrastructure investment, especially transportation system, restaurants, hotels, etc. in the direction of harmonizing between popular 
tourism and high-grade tourism. 
Enforcing promotion and linkages in tourism development. Especially there are solutions to overcome the seasonal difficulties in 
the sea and the island tourism. 
Strengthening the management of tourism destinations which are at the stage of participation and development. Establishment of 
management boards in the destination is still in the exploration stage. Promoting short-term tourism training for people living in or near 
tourist destinations. 
Enhancing the competitiveness of tourism destinations. 
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