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Appendix 1 
 Factors Symbols Items 
 My colleagues will not take advantage of me on the knowledge that I share with 
 Tru1 
 them. 
 Tru2 I am sure that the knowledge I share with my colleagues will not be manipulated. 
 Trust (Tru) Tru3 My colleagues are truthful in sharing knowledge with me. 
 Tru4 My colleagues are responsible and dependable in sharing knowledge with me. 
 I believe that my colleagues will not use the knowledge I share with them against 
 Tru5 
 me. 
 En1 I enjoy sharing my knowledge with colleagues 
 Enjoyment in En2 I enjoy helping colleagues by sharing my knowledge 
 helping others (En) En3 It feels good to help someone by sharing my knowledge 
 En4 Sharing my knowledge with colleagues is pleasurable 
 My knowledge sharing would help other members in the organization to solve 
 Se1 
 their problems 
 My knowledge sharing would create new business opportunities for the 
 Se2 
 Knowledge self- organization 
 efficacy (Se) Se3 My knowledge sharing would improve work process in the organization
 Se4 My knowledge sharing would increase productively in the organization 
 My knowledge sharing would help the organization achieve its performance 
 Se5 
 objectives 
 Ma1 Managers think that encouraging knowledge sharing with colleagues is beneficial 
 Managers always support and encourage employees to share their knowledge with 
 Ma2 
 colleagues 
 Managers provide most of the necessary help and resources to enable employees 
 Management support Ma3 
 to share knowledge 
 (Ma) 
 Managers are keen to see that the employees are happy to share their knowledge 
 Ma4 
 with colleagues 
 I was acknowledged by the manager when sharing knowledge and ideas with 
 Ma5 
 colleagues 
 Our organization introduces new technology platforms that enable knowledge 
 Te1 
 sharing for more effective operations 
 Our organization has expertise in the usage and maintenance of critical 
 Te2 
 information infrastructure, e.g. intranet, extranet, groupware 
 Using information 
 Our information systems infrastructure is updated regularly to facilitate effective 
 and communication Te3 
 knowledge sharing and creation 
 technology (Te) 
 Social network systems enable the search and sharing of ideas and information 
 Te4 
 within the organization and with our stakeholders 
 Te5 Our groupware systems enable knowledge sharing among employees 
 Te6 Our intranet systems enable the sharing of ideas and critical documents 
 Do1 When I learn something new, I tell my colleagues about it 
 Knowledge donation Do2 I share the knowledge I have, with my colleagues 
 (Do) Do3 I think it is important that my colleagues know what I am doing 
 Do4 I regularly tell my colleagues what I am doing 
 Co1 When I need certain knowledge, I ask my colleagues about it 
 Co2 I like to be informed of what my colleagues know 
 Knowledge 
 Co3 I ask my colleagues about their abilities when I need to learn something 
 collection (Co) 
 When one of my colleagues is good at something I ask him/her to teach me how 
 Co4 
 to do that thing 
 In1 I create new ideas for improvements 
 Innovative work In2 I often search out new working methods, techniques, or instruments 
 behavior (IN01) In3 My ideas generate original solutions to problems 
 In4 I work actively to test new ideas 
634 
Appendix 2 
 Factor Item Factor loading Cronbach’s Alpha 
 Tru1 0.697 
 Tru2 0.868 
 Trust (Tru) 0.882 
 Tru3 0.794 
 Tru4 0.861 
 En1 0.796 
 En2 0.915 
 Enjoyment in helping 0.885 
 En3 0.717 
 others (En) 
 En4 0.864 
 Se1 0.735 
 Se2 0.813 
 Knowledge self-efficacy 0.837 
 Se3 0.775 
 (Se) 
 Se4 0.683 
 Ma1 0.742 
 Ma2 0.643 
 0.781 
 Management support (Ma) Ma3 0.777 
 Ma5 0.581 
 Te1 0.993 
 Te2 0.973 
 Using information and Te3 0.956 
 0.842 
 communication technology Te4 0.933 
 (Te) Te5 0.937 
 Te6 0.989 
 Do1 0.939 
 Do2 0.918 
 0.790 
 Knowledge donation (Do) Do3 0.946 
 Do4 0.933 
 Co1 0.648 
 Co2 0.944 
 0.809 
 Knowledge collection (Co) Co3 0.713
 Co4 0.581 
 In1 0.696
 Innovative work behavior In2 0.757 
 0.808 
 (IN01) In3 0.737
 In4 0.691 
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