Blockchain application in authenticating high-school students’ transcript

anscript. 
 Step 3: Return one of the following 3 states of the 
transcript: 
o Transcript does not exist if this hash file does not 
match any hash file already stored in the 
Blockchain system. 
o A transcript already exists but has not been 
authenticated if this hash file matches a hash file 
stored in the Blockchain system, but the 
corresponding scorecard has not been 
authenticated by the Admin. 
o The transcript already exists and has been verified 
if the hash file if the hash file matches a file that 
has been stored in the Blockchain system and the 
corresponding scorecard file that has been 
authenticated by the Admin. 
V. EXPERIMENTS AND EVALUATION OF 
RESULTS 
A. Experimental simulation environment 
 OS Ubuntu 18.04, Intel® Core ™ i7-8550U CPU @ 
1.80GHz, 8GB RAM. 
 Use the Docker tool (version 19.3.8) and Docker-
compose (version 1.21.2). 
Cong Hung Tran, Dien Tam Le, Hieu Le Ngoc, Thi Xuan Dinh Ho 
 Smart contract is written in Solidity language on 
framework as Truffle. 
 NodeJS (version V10.19.0) and npm (version 6.14.3) 
are used to build the Web Service. 
 Use RPC (Remote Procedure Call) protocol and 
format data in JSON format. 
 Use the Web3.js library to interact with the Private 
Blockchain network. 
 For the Private Blockchain system, we use the 
Ethereum Blockchain platform, PoA consensus 
protocol. 
Evaluation criteria: 
 Time of authentication. 
 Accuracy. 
 Convenience. 
B. Experiments and results 
Experimental data 
Table 1: Experimental dataset. 
Transcript illustrates 
Figure 7: Transcript illustrating. 
Result 
Case 1: The transcript's status does not exist on the 
system (the transcript has not been stored by the teacher 
on the system). At that time, the test result of the 
transcript is "Grade Record does not exist.". 
Table 2: Experimental results with Case 1. 
Result with case 1: The system is 100% accurate. 
Figure 8: The transcript test interface with Case 1. 
Case 2: The transcript's status is correct but not yet 
authenticated by the Admin. (The transcript has been 
stored by the teacher on the system, but the Admin has 
not yet verified the transcript). At that time, the test 
outcome is "Grade Record is true but not verified.". 
Table 3: Experimental results with Case 2. 
No. 
Number of 
File Record 
File Size Format file 
1 300 ~ 400 100 ~ 300 Kb .pdf 
No. 
Student 
ID 
Transcript File hash Result 
1 ms001 File1.pdf 31c7b132359e35a52c5fe0796598fc34f410c7484cef79854ca97c51bf True 
2 ms002 File2.pdf 245f5e9sdf42dsc4s4c4d6f6r6a6v656bxd9814vsf24756f2fv22c2576d True 
3 ms003 File3.pdf 91hj7b132359e35a52c5fe0796598fc34f410c7484cef79854ca97c32q True 
4 ms004 File4.pdf 9ca72c5fe079b132359e35a52c5fe0796598fc34f410c7484cef79854c True 
5 ms005 File5.pdf 52c5fe071359e35a52c5fe0796598fc34f410c7484cef79854c8fc34f41 True 
6 ms006 File6.pdf 8fc34f41059e35a52c5fe0796598fc34f410c7484cef79854ca9 fe07kl True 
7 ms007 File7.pdf 54ca97c51bf 31c7b132359e35a52c5fe0796598fc34f410c7484cef798 True 
8 ms008 File8.pdf 9e35a52c5fe079854ca97c51bf 96598fc34f410c7484cef731c7b13235 True 
9 ms009 File9.pdf 410c7484cef79854ca97c51bf31c7b132359e35a52c5fe0796598fc34f True 
10 ms010 File10.pdf 359e35a52c5fe0731c7b13296598fc34f41054ca97c51bf c7484cef798 True 
No. 
Student 
ID 
Transcript File hash Result 
1 ms011 File11.pdf fe0796598fc32359e35a52c50c7484cef79854ca97c51bf34f4131c7b1 True 
2 ms012 File12.pdf 24 f2fv22c2576d 5f5e9s4d6f6r6a6v656bxd9814vsf24756df42dsc4s4c True 
3 ms013 File13.pdf c5fe0796598fc34f410c 91hj7b132359e35a527484cef79854ca97c32q True 
4 ms014 File14.pdf 410c7484cef79854c 9ca72c5f2c5fe0796598fc34f e079b132359e35a5 True 
5 ms015 File15.pdf e071359e35a52c5fe052c5f796598fc34f410c7484cef79854c8fc34f41 True 
6 ms016 File16.pdf 484cef79854ca9 fe07kl 8fc34f41059e35a52c5fe0796598fc34f410c7 True 
7 ms017 File17.pdf 31c7cef79854ca97c51bf b132359e35a52c5fe0796598fc34f410c7484 True 
8 ms018 File18.pdf c5fe0796598fc34f410c7484cef79854ca97c51bf31c7b132359e35a52 True 
9 ms019 File19.pdf ef79854ca97c51bf31c7b132359e35a52c5fe0796598fc34f410c7484c True 
10 ms020 File20.pdf 34cef79854ca97c51bf 1c7b132359e35a52c5fe0796598fc34f410c748 True 
BLOCKCHAIN APPLICATION IN AUTHENTICATING HIGH-SCHOOL STUDENTS’ TRANSCRIPT 
Result with case 2: The system is 100% accurate. 
Figure 9: Interface for checking transcript with Case 2. 
Case 3: The status of the transcript is correct and verified. 
(The transcript has been stored by the teacher on the 
system and the Admin has confirmed the transcript). At 
that time, the test result of the transcript was “Grade 
Record is true and verified”. 
Table 4: Experimental results with Case 3. 
Result with case 3: The system is 100% accurate 
Figure 10: Interface for checking transcript with Case 3. 
With 300 data sets of transcripts, the system produces the 
following results: 
Table 5: Experimental results with 300 transcript files. 
No. 
Number of 
File Record 
Accuracy 
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 
1 50~100 100% 100% 100% 
2 100~150 100% 100% 100% 
3 150~200 100% 100% 100% 
4 200~250 100% 100% 100% 
5 250~300 100% 100% 100% 
C. Assessment of the results 
The proposed model provides an authentication 
system for user data - student transcripts - based on the 
Blockchain Network (using Ethereum platform). The 
system after the experiment was evaluated as follows: 
 Fast authentication time. 
 Simple authentication process, easy to follow. 
 Verify the student's transcript on the system for most 
accurate results, the transcript is difficult to be fake. 
 Manage and store students' transcripts safer, more 
transparently and invariably. 
 The system helps reduce the need for manpower 
during the validation of transcripts. 
Table 6: Comparation and evaluation of the proposed 
system and traditional method. 
No. 
Evaluation 
criteria 
Authentication 
transcripts by the 
proposed system 
Authentication 
transcripts by the 
traditional way 
1 Time 
Less time-consuming: just 
a few seconds for a 
verification. 
Take a lot of time: Copy, 
notarized verification or 
input data into the school 
system to check, then 
compare it manually, 
check it true or not. This 
process may take 02 ~ 03 
minutes for a verification. 
2 Procedure 
Perform authentication on 
computers connected to 
the Internet anytime, 
anywhere. 
The authentication process 
is complicated and must go 
through many agencies 
and organizations. 
3 Trust level 
High, hard to fake thanks 
to the immutability and 
transparency of 
Blockchain. 
Depends on many factors. 
May be tampered with 
during authentication. 
4 
Storage 
location 
Blockchain network 
system. (safe, 
Decentralized) 
Schools. 
5 Convenience More Less 
6 Popularity Not popular Popular 
No. 
Student 
ID 
Transcript File hash Result 
1 ms021 File21.pdf 598fc32359fe0796e35a52c50c7484cef7c7b19854ca97c51bf34f4131 True 
2 ms022 File22.pdf fe9s4d6f6r6a6v656bxd924f2fv22c2576d5814vsf24756df42dsc4s4cd True 
3 ms023 File23.pdf 359e35a527484cef79854ca97c32q5fe0796598fc34f410c 91hj7b132 True 
4 ms024 File24.pdf 410c7484cef79854c9ca72c5f2c5fe0796598fc34f e079b132359e35a5 True 
5 ms025 File25.pdf 4f410c7484cef79854c8fc34f41e071359e35a52c5fe052c5f796598fc3 True 
6 ms026 File26.pdf 96598fc34f410c7484cef79854ca9 fe07kl 8fc34f41059e35a52c5fe07 True 
7 ms027 File27.pdf 796598fc34f410c748431c7cef79854ca97c51bf b132359e35a52c5fe0 True 
8 ms028 File28.pdf c31c7b132359e35a525fe0796598fc34f410c7484cef79854ca97c51bf True 
9 ms029 File29.pdf fe0796598fc34f410c7484c ef79854ca97c51bf31c7b132359e35a52c5 True 
10 ms030 File30.pdf bf 1c7b132359e35a52c5fe0796598fc34f410c74834cef79854ca97c51 True 
Cong Hung Tran, Dien Tam Le, Hieu Le Ngoc, Thi Xuan Dinh Ho 
No. 
Evaluation 
criteria 
Authentication 
transcripts by the 
proposed system 
Authentication 
transcripts by the 
traditional way 
7 
Human 
Resources 
Less More than 
With authentication transcripts by the traditional method, 
an organization or company wants to verify a student's 
transcript, they must rely on a certified copy of the school 
(where the student is attending) or a copy certified by the 
competent authority (notary office or local government). 
This makes it difficult as students spend a lot of time and 
effort in copying and verifying the transcript; Transcripts 
must be kept for long term at the school; The verification 
has to go through many stages and use a lot of manpower. 
Even so, transcripts can still be faked easily. 
Currently, an organization or company wants to verify a 
student's transcript, they can also visit the website / portal 
of the school that provided the student transcript. This is 
also a common way that many people are doing. This will 
take at least 02 minutes or more to perform. The 
comparison of the proposed model with the traditional 
way of verifying the transcript is often different. It shows 
the effectiveness of the proposed model.. 
VI. CONCLUSIONS AND 
RECOMMENDATIONS 
In this paper, we have built and tested a student 
transcript system based on the Blockchain network using 
the PoA consensus algorithm. The proposed a system 
which can adapt quickly, accurately and reliably in 
verifying a student's transcript, avoiding forging a 
student's fake score sheet. With the result outcomes can 
prove the efficiency and power of Blockchain, it can 
apply in many aspects of our life, it is also very potential 
to develop and improve this approach further and deeper. 
The development direction of the proposed model 
is to build a Private Blockchain network with more nodes 
to ensure data is backed up on multiple nodes. In addition 
to authenticating transcripts, the proposed system can be 
deployed to validate other user data such as medical 
records, certificates of marriage registration, etc. 
REFERENCES 
[1] Nitin Kumavat, Swapnil Mengade, Dishant Desai, 
Jesal Varolia, (2019), “Certificate Verification System 
using Blockchain”, International Journal for Research in 
Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET) 
Volume 7 Issue IV, Apr 2019- Available at 
www.ijraset.com 
[2] “WIKIPEDIA” (Updated 06/12/2019) [Online] 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authentication. 
[3] Deepak Puthal, Nisha Saroha Malik, Saraju 
P.Mohanty, Elisa Kougianos, (2018), “Everything You 
Wanted to Know About the Blockchain: Its Promise, 
Components, Processes, and Problems”. 
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326102908 
[4] Tran Cong An, Pham Thi Xuan Diem, Tran Van Toi, 
Le Thi Thu Lan, Lam Duong Quoc, (2019), “Building a 
Product Origins Tracking System based on Blockchain 
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Conference on Advanced Computing and Applications 
(ACOMP). 
[5] Shuai Wang, Yong Yuan, Xiao Wang, Juanjuan Li, 
Rui Qin, Fei-Yue Wang, (2018),“An Overview of Smart 
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[6] Muhamed Turkanovic, Marko Holbl, Kristjan Kosic, 
Marjan Hericko, Aida Kamisalic, (2018), “EduCTX: A 
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Citation information: DOI 
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[7] Yuqin Xu, Shangli Zhao, Lanju Kong, Yongqing 
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[8] Dipti Pawade, Avani Sakhapara, Melvita Andrade, 
Aishwarya Bdgujar, Divya Adep. (2019), 
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BLOCKCHAIN APPLICATION IN AUTHENTICATING HIGH-SCHOOL STUDENTS’ TRANSCRIPT 
[9] K. Palanivel, (2019), “Blockchain Architecture to 
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HỆ THỐNG XÁC THỰC BẢNG ĐIỂM HỌC SINH 
TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG DỰA TRÊN HỆ 
THỐNG MẠNG BLOCKCHAIN 
Tóm tắt: Học sinh sau khi hoàn thành chương trình học 
của bậc Trung học phổ thông (THPT) sẽ được Nhà trường 
– nơi học sinh đó hoàn thành chương trình năm học cuối 
của bậc THPT – cấp học bạ, trong đó có các bảng điểm 
dưới dạng văn bản cứng – bảng điểm giấy. Chính vì vậy, 
việc làm giả bảng điểm nhầm mục đích phi pháp được 
thực hiện dễ dàng, nhanh chóng và chi phí thấp. Trong 
bài báo này, chúng tôi đề xuất một mô hình hệ thống xác 
thực bảng điểm học sinh dựa trên hệ thống mạng 
Blockchain. Hệ thống sử dụng hợp đồng thông minh 
(smart contract), xây dựng hệ thống mạng Private 
Blockchain trên nền tảng Ethereum, xây dựng các ứng 
dụng phi tập trung - Decentralized Application (dApp), 
hệ thống tập tin phân tán IPFS (Interplanetary File 
System). Giá trị băm của tập tin bảng điểm (file hash) 
sẽ được lưu trữ trên hệ thống mạng Blockchain và được 
sử dụng trong quá trình xác thực bảng điểm học sinh 
nhanh chóng, chính xác, tránh được việc là giả bảng điểm. 
Từ khoá: Blockchain, IPFS, dApp, Ethereum, Smart 
contract, bảng điểm. 
AUTHORS 
Tran Cong Hung was born in 
Vietnam in 1961. He received the 
B.E in electronic and 
Telecommunication engineering 
with first class honors from 
HOCHIMINH University of 
technology in Vietnam, 1987. He 
eceived the B.E in informatics and computer engineering 
from HOCHIMINH University of technology in 
Vietnam, 1995. He received the Master of Engineering 
degree in telecommunications engineering course from 
postgraduate department Hanoi University of technology 
in Vietnam, 1998. He received PhD. at Hanoi. 
Le Dien Tam was born in Vietnam 
in 1987. He received Master 
Computer science in Universite 
Pierre et Marie CURIE, France, 
2014. He is currently a PhD. 
Candidate in Computer science and 
engineering from Kyung Hee 
University, Korea in 2020. 
Le Ngoc Hieu has been working in 
IT industry as a IT System Architect 
since 2010. In 2018, He completed 
Master Degree at Post & 
Telecommunication Institute of 
Technology. As now, he is working 
as an IT lecturer for HCMC Open University. His major 
study is about cloud computing and cloud efficiency for 
better service; his minor study is about education, 
especially education in IT line. 
Ho Thi Xuan Dinh was born in 
1988. She received a bachelor's 
degree in 2011, majoring in 
computer science at Ho Chi Minh 
City University of Education, 
Vietnam. Currently, she is a 
Master's candidate in Computer Science from Saigon 
University, Vietnam. She is a Computer teacher at Hung 
Vuong High School, Binh Thuan