Lý thuyết và bài tập Câu điều kiện trong Tiếng Anh - Bùi Thanh Văn

Bui Thanh Van – English Lesson
Conditional Sentences
A: Luôn đúng (loại 0)
If A happens, B happens
If you heat ice, it melts
If you pour oil on water, it floats
B: Có thể đúng (loại 1)
If A happens, B will happens
Loại này dùng để diễn tả những hành động có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai
If the weather is fine tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.
If he invites me to his party, I will accept his invitation.
C: Không thật ở hiện tại (loại 2)
If A happened, B would happen
Câu điều kiện loại 2 diễn tả điều không có thật ở hiện tại
If I were you, I would act differently.
If money grew on trees, I would pick it every day.
Trong trường hợp muốn làm câu mang tính chất giả định hơn 
If A were to happen, B would happen
If the ship were to sink, what would you do? = If the ship sank, what would you do?
If they were to offer me the job, I would accept it. = If they offered me the job,
D: Không thật trong quá khứ (loại 3)
If A had happened, B would have happened
Câu điều kiện loại ba diễn tả điều không thật trong quá khứ
If Mary had attended my party last night, she would have met John.
If we had brought a map with us, we might not have lost.
A: Chia động từ trong ngoặc
1. If he ........................................... (eat) all that, he will be ill.
2. She could give us some advice if she ............................................... (be) here now.
3. What ............................................... (happen) if my parachute does not open. 
4. The baby ........................................... (wake) up if you spoke louder.	
If he had learned maths, he ............................................. (not - cheat) by that salesman. 
If she .................................. (not - get) married young, she wouldn’t have had many children.
If I ............................................... (know) the answer, I would tell you.
You ............................................. (not / have) so many accidents if you drove more carefully.
If Peter ............................................ (ask) me, I’ll help him with all my ability.
 If she studied harder, she .................................................... (get) better grades.
 If I ................................. (be) you, I ....................................... (tell) them the truth.
 If you ..................................... (do) as I told you, you ....................................... (succeed)
 I ............................................ (not - go) to his house unless you go with me.
 We could have a drink if it ............................................. (not – be) so late.	
 Please don’t disturb him if he .............................................. (be) busy.
 If ice ................................... (be) heavier than water, it .......................................... (not - float).
B: Dựa vào dạng câu điều kiện rồi chia động từ trong ngoặc
Loại 0
a  If Mr Perkins . (catch) someone napping, he always . (make)   them do twenty press-ups.
b  If you . (put) a block of ice in the sun, it. (melt).
c  If she . (be) sad, she usually. (listen) to Cat Stevens.
d  If the roads . (be) wet, it . (be) more dangerous to drive on them.
e  If it. (rain), we never . (go) for a ramble.
Loại 1
a  . (not drive) if you . (be) drunk. You could have an accident.
b  . (not tell) her if you . (not want) to.
c  If you . (not be) busy, . (help) me?
d  . (not eat) it if you . (be) full.
e . (not add) fuel to the flames if you . (not want) to have a row  with your wife.
Loại 2
a  If you. (present) your proposal, we . (see) what we can do about  it.
b  If we . (put) off the meeting now, when it . (be) held again?
c  If you . (let) me down again, I no longer . (rely) on you.
d  If you. (break) your promise, you. (suffer) for it.
e  We. (give) them a call if we. (decide) to pay them a visit.
Loại 3:
1. Tom got to the station in time to catch his train. If he ....................................... (miss) it, he ............................... (be) late for his interview. 
2. It's good that you reminded me. I .............................................. (forget) if you .................................................... (not-remind) me. 
3. Unfortunately, I didn't have my address book with me when I was in New York. If I .......................................... (have) your address, I ................................................. (send) you a postcard. 
4. I took a taxi to the hotel but the traffic was very bad. It .......................................... (be) quicker if I ........................................ (walk).
5. I didn't know you were in hospital. If I .......................................... (know), I ................................................ (go) to visit you. 
6. If I .......................................... (have) my camera with me yesterday, I ....................................... (take) a picture of Alex standing on his head. 
7. The cowboy pulled his gun to shoot at the rattlesnake, but he was too late. If he .......................................... (be) quicker to pull the trigger, the snake .......................................... (not-bite) him on the foot. 
8. If you ....................................... (be) more careful, you wouldn't have cut yourself. 
9. If Martin had set his alarm clock, he ................................................ (oversleep). 
10. If I ........................................... (not-fall) ill and ...................................... (miss) the interview, I might have got the job. 
C: Viết lại câu
1. We don’t go because it will rain.	
 If it ...........................................................................
2. John is fat because he eats so many chips.	
 If John .....................................................................
3. I must leave now, or I’ll miss the flight.
I will ......................................................................................................
4. They don’t find out the remedy. The patient will die.
If they ....
5. You will catch a cold unless you keep your feet dry.
If you ..
6. They don’t have enough time so they cannot do me a favour.
If they ....................................................................................................
7. Rex didn’t know your mobile number, so he could not contact you.
If Rex ....................................................................................................
8. Bill never does anything if you don’t tell him what to do.
Unless ....................................................................................................
9. She has a sore throat. She doesn’t stop smoking.	
If she .....................................................................................................
D: Tìm lỗi sai và sửa
1. If it hadn’t rain yesterday, I would have come to see you.
 A B C D
2. If we have known the news, we would have told you.
 A B C D
3. If we were serious about pollution, we spent more money on research.
 A B C D
4. They would be glad unless the rain stopped soon.
 A B C D
5. Tom would feel better if he takes the medicine.
 A B C D
6. We would be making a profit if all will go according to the plan.
 A B C 
If I were in your position, I would have changed the job.
 A 	 B 	 	 C 	 D
We could have saved more time if we took the plane.
 A 	 B C 	 D
Had Jack not been honest, he would have returned the money.
 A B 	C 	 D
Had you been careless, You wouldn’t have had an accident. 
 A 	 B 	 C 	 D
11. If I were to know they were honest, I’d gladly lend them the money. 
 A B C 	 D
E: Viết lại câu
1. We don’t go because it will rain.	 	
If it ........................................................................................................
2. John is fat because he eats so many chips.	 	
If John ..................................................................................................
3. I must leave now, or I’ll miss the flight.	
I will ......................................................................................................
4. She has a sore throat. She doesn’t stop smoking.	
If she .....................................................................................................
5. You will catch a cold unless you keep your feet dry.
If you ....................................................................................................
6. They don’t have enough time so they cannot do me a favour.
If they ....................................................................................................
7. Rex didn’t know your mobile number, so he could not contact you.
If Rex ....................................................................................................
8. They don’t find out the remedy. The patient will die.
If they ....................................................................................................
F: Chia động từ trong ngoặc
1. It's too bad Helen isn't here. If she (be) ___________ here, she (know) ___________ what to do. 
2. Barnie failed the test because he didn't study. However, if (study) ___________ for the test, he (pass) ___________ it. 
3. An aerosol spray can will explode if you (throw) ___________ it into fire. 
4. If I (have) ___________ my camera with me yesterday, I (take) ___________ a picture of Alex. 
5. I'm almost ready to plant my garden. I have lots of seeds. Maybe I will have more than I need. If I (have) ___________ more seeds than I need. I (give) ___________ some to Nellie. 
6. I (change) ___________ the present economic policy if I (be) ___________ the president of the United States. 
7. If the teacher (be) ___________ absent tomorrow, the class will be cancelled. 
8. That sounds like a good job offer. If I (be) ___________ you, I (accept) ___________ it. 
9. I got wet because I didn't get my umbrella. However, I (get,not) ___________ wet if I (remember) ___________ to take my umbrella with me yesterday. 
10. The cowboy pulled his gun to shoot at the rattle snake, but he was too late. If he (be) ___________ quicker to pull the trigger, the snake (bite,not) ___________ him on the ankle.
G: Dựa vào các tình huống đã cho rồi viết thành câu có sử dụng If
1. We plan to go sailing today but it all depends on the weather. 
2. The house is over there - only ten minutes walk from here using the way through the park. 
3. Sally keeps getting colds. She doesn't look after herself. 
4. I didn't tell you the news as soon as I heard it because you were sleeping. 
5. Robert works far too hard and is in danger of giving himself a heart attack. 
6. You weren't listening so you didn't understand the directions. 
7. Grandpa is not wearing his hearing aid because it's broken. 
8. I was listening to the radio so I heard the news bulletin.