Building the model of information, education and communication efficiency in conservation and promotion of the identity value of ethnic minorities culture in ethnic minority boarding general schools, ethnic minority semi-boarding general schools and local

e cultural characteristics 
KHOA HỌC, GIÁO DỤC VÀ CÔNG NGHỆ
45Volume 8, Issue 2
of ethnic groups to ethnic minority students. Here, 
the artisans not only introduced the folk song of Bo 
Y - ethnic minority people of Lao Cai province, the 
dance of the flute, raised the money of the Mong 
people, the baton of Thai people, the song of Tay 
people whose artisans also participate in stage 
performances create excitement and interesting 
surprises for ethnic minority students inside and 
outside the school, ethnic minority communities 
around the school. With 15 ethnic groups (Kinh, 
Dao, Tay, Nung, Xa Pho, Phu La, Bo Y, Cao Lan, 
Mong, Muong, Thu Lao, Ha Nhi, Giay, Pa Di, Thai 
...) among 25 ethnic groups of Lao Cai province, 
the provincial ethnic minorities boarding general 
school is not only proud of the traditional thickness 
but also proud of the diversity of cultural identity in 
the system of high schools in the province.
This is an opportunity for students of 15 ethnic 
groups to study at the school of cultural exchange 
and customs of their ethnicity with ethnic minority 
students inside and outside the school; With the 
people in the surrounding community, it is also an 
opportunity for ethnic minority students in ethnic 
minority schools in Lao Cai province to exchange 
and learn experiences. As one of the activities of 
the model of “Multicultural schools associated 
with ethnic communities” of the provincial 
ethnic minority high school, the above activities 
have practically contributed to the preservation 
and promotion of the special ethnicity cultural 
characteristics through ethnic languages as soon as 
they are sitting in school chairs, creating a friendly 
educational environment. Through the unique 
repertoire, featuring the most brilliant essence 
of dance, music, rituals and customs of each 
ethnic group has been vividly recreated. Through 
the program, they have fostered the love for the 
homeland, the country, the pride and self-respect of 
the nation. Moreover, students are able to expand 
their knowledge and cultural exchanges with other 
ethnic groups in and outside the school. Since then, 
raising the awareness and responsibility of ethnic 
minority students in preserving and preserving 
unique cultural values since they were still in school 
seats.
Him Lam Ethnic Minorities Boarding School, 
Chau Thanh A district, Hau Giang province has 
both public high school students and boarding 
pupils of Khmer ethnic minority children. The 
school conducts 2 sessions a day, daily boarding 
ethnic minority students have 90 minutes of self-
study in class under the supervision of the School 
Board, the management team and the homeroom 
teacher. Implementing ethnic minority language 
teaching according to the Decree No. 82/2010/
ND-CP dated July 15, 2010 of the Government 
regulating the teaching and learning of spoken 
and written languages of ethnic minorities in 
educational institutions and continuing education 
center, the school conducts Khmer ethnic language 
teaching for boarding ethnic minority students, 
arranges trained and qualified teachers to teach 
at 4 grade levels (from grade 6 to grade 9) with 
4 lessons/week. In addition, the school regularly 
opens Khmer Language fostering classes for 
managers, teachers and staffs of the school to 
improve the understanding of the language, culture 
and customs of the people, creating an environment 
communicating for students and preserving the 
language and writing of Khmer people in the 
South Vietnam in order to well perform the task 
of raising boarding ethnic minority students. To 
educate the sense of preserving and promoting the 
ethnic cultural identity and at the same time create 
a useful, interesting and attractive playground for 
students as well as create opportunities for students 
to experience, practice and exchange culture. 
Every year, the school organizes traditional ethnic 
holidays and festivals such as: Festival of Seldonta, 
Ok om bok, Chol Chnam Thmay and teach students 
to use five syllable musical instruments (traditional 
Khmer musical instruments), practice regularly 
and participate in performing arts for the school’s 
activities as well as participating Performers in and 
outside the province get high prizes.
3.Methods and forms of organizing 
Information, Education and Communication 
activities on civil culture, preserving and 
promoting national cultural identity values 
through the languages of ethnic minorities in 
ethnic minorities boarding general schools and 
ethnic minority semi-boarding general schools
The model of Information, Education and 
Communication on ethnic culture, preserving and 
promoting the values of cultural identity for ethnic 
minority students in ethnic minority high schools 
is implemented through integration in Literature, 
History, Geography, Citizenship Education subjects 
and integration in key school education activities, 
extracurricular activities, experience activities, 
boarding activities in the school.
The commonly used methods are: organizing 
experience activities, role playing games, sightseeing, 
field study surveys in villages; exploiting the 
inherent practical and traditional cultural experiences 
of ethnic minority students; organizing information, 
education and communication activities on life skills 
for students such as collecting songs and folk songs 
of ethnic minorities, learning about different types 
of instruments, learning how to use some ethnic 
musical instruments, learn about the culinary culture 
of ethnic groups, organize ethnic festivals, festivals, 
organize clubs (dance clubs, folk singers clubs, 
gong clubs, brocade weaving club ...), competitions 
to preserve and promote cultural identities of 
ethnic groups, cultural shows, national costume 
KHOA HỌC, GIÁO DỤC VÀ CÔNG NGHỆ 
46 JOURNAL OF ETHNIC MINORITIES RESEARCH
performance competitions, brocade competitions, 
display of identity culture of peoples, organizing 
cultural exchanges among ethnic groups in schools, 
practicing local traditional crafts (knitting bamboo 
and rattan, water hyacinth, brocade weaving ...), folk 
cultural festivals and folk games, inviting artisans in 
the area to teach culture to students 
In order to improve the quality of Information, 
Education and Communication about traditional 
culture, preserve and promote the values of ethnic 
minorities identity through ethnic languages, ethnic 
minority and ethnic minority students’ schools 
in addition to implementing solutions such as 
propaganda and promotion awareness for ethnic 
minorities staff, teachers and students about the 
role, meaning and importance of culture education 
activities; preserving and promoting the values of 
ethnic minorities identity, innovating the method 
content of organizing activities of Information, 
Education and Communication about ethnic 
minorities, preserving and promoting the values of 
ethnic minorities identity and ensuring the facilities 
and finance conditions for this activity, each school 
needs to focus on building the school tradition 
and promoting the participation of social forces in 
Information, Education and Communication about 
culture, specifically as follows:
- Building a pedagogical community with a 
cultural tradition, responsible for preserving and 
developing the value of ethnic minorities identity 
is responsible for the Information, Education and 
Communication about traditional culture for ethnic 
minority students.
- Linking and coordinating with specialized 
agencies such as Department of Culture, Sports 
and Tourism, Provincial Committee for Ethnic 
Minorities, Division of Culture and Information of 
the district, District Division of Ethnic Minorities, 
organizations and individuals to coordinate 
the organization of information, education and 
communication activities on the value of cultural 
identity for ethnic minority students.
- Implement well the mobilization of 
community participation in Information, Education 
and Communication activities on the value of 
cultural identity through inviting local intellectuals, 
artisans, village elders and village leaders, 
prestigious people in the community participate 
in Information, Education and Communication 
activities on preserving and promoting the values 
of cultural identity, teaching traditional culture to 
ethnic minority students of the school.
Building cultural lifestyle in ethnic minority 
boarding general schools and ethnic minority 
semi-boarding general schools according to the 
beauty and customs of ethnic minorities (costumes, 
communication, behave...). Building traditional 
rooms of schools and cultural libraries to display, 
store and promote products and values of ethnic 
minorities culture identity collected or created by 
ethnic minorities students, meeting the needs of long-
term use and timeliness of Information, Education 
and Communication activities on conservation 
and promotion of ethnic cultural identity values. 
Information, Education and Communication on 
the preservation and promotion of traditional 
culture values for ethnic minority students is 
a specific and important task in the schools of 
education and training. Effective implementation 
of Information, Education and Communication 
activities on the preservation and promotion of 
cultural values will make an important contribution 
to the education of ethnic minority students to 
develop into a comprehensive person. Thus, the 
schools of education and training, the education 
and training should pay attention to the renovation 
of management, the renewal of the methods and 
forms of organizing information, education and 
communication activities on the preservation and 
promotion of the values of ethnic cultural identity. 
Through ethnic minorities languages and develop 
the Information, Education and Communication 
Model on the preservation and promotion of ethnic 
minorities identity values through the language of 
ethnic minorities in order to attract a lot of people 
and ethnic minorities students participate.
- With the meaning of preserving and promoting 
the cultural identity of ethnic minorities and 
educating students with a sense of respect for 
traditional cultural values of ethnic minority 
communities; enhance activities of practical 
experience and cultural experience; to build a 
model of “Multiculturalism school associated with 
ethnic minorities communities”, the ethnic minority 
boarding general schools and the ethnic minority 
semi-boarding general schools to organize the 
Cultural - Sports Festival of ethnic minorities in the 
region with many new and bright points. create and 
have the participation of all the schools of education 
and training in the provinces.
- Good spoken, written and cultural traditions 
of ethnic minorities are included in the curriculum 
of boarding general schools for ethnic minority 
pupils, ethnic minority semi-boarding schools in 
accordance with each ethnic minorities region.
KHOA HỌC, GIÁO DỤC VÀ CÔNG NGHỆ
47Volume 8, Issue 2
References
Bui Thi Kieu Tho (2017), Ethnic cultural 
education activities in boarding ethnic 
minority schools with the role of preserving 
and promoting ethnic cultural identity, 
Department of Ethnic Minority Education, 
Ministry of Education
Dao Loan (2018), Communication workshop in 
ethnic minority languages in the South
Hoang Luong (2002), Traditional festival of 
ethnic minorities in Northern Vietnam, 
Ethnic Culture Publishing House, Hanoi.
Hong Trang (2017), Joining hands to preserve the 
traditional cultural values of ethnic minorities
Nguyen Thi Anh Hong (2018), Improving the 
quality and effectiveness of oral propaganda, 
Gia Lai Party Committee of Propaganda
Nguyen Van Khang (2014), Language and 
legislative policy in Vietnam, Social Sciences 
Publishing House.
Ngo Duc Thinh (2008), Tay Nguyen traditional 
culture, potentials, situation and some issues 
raised in conservation and promotion, 
Central Social Sciences Journal - Central 
Highlands, No. first.
Ngo Duc Thinh (2006), Culture, ethnic culture 
and Vietnamese culture, Social Sciences 
Publishing House.
Pham Duc Duong (2000), Solving the 
relationship between the national language 
and the language of ethnic minorities in 
Vietnam - Problems and solutions, Language.
Tran Tri Track (2003), The situation of language 
education in mountainous ethnic minority 
areas in the northern provinces of Vietnam 
- Proposals and solutions, Publishing House 
of Hanoi National University;
Crystal David (2000), Language death, 
Cambridge University Press;
Department of Ethnic Minority Education 
(2019), Ethnic Culture and Sports Festival of 
Ethnic Minorities at Lao Cai Ethnic Minority 
Secondary School
Ethnic Minority Education Department (2018), 
Him Lam Ethnic Minority Boarding School 
improve the quality of specific educational 
activities for ethnic minority students
National Council of National Assembly, 
Supervisory Report 2017
a Học viện Dân tộc
Email: ngoquangson@cema.gov.vn
b Trường Cao đẳng Sơn La
Email: dangnguyenphuong01@gmail.com
Ngày nhận bài: 17/5/2019
Ngày gửi phản biện: 22/5/2019
Ngày tác giả sửa: 26/5/2019
Ngày duyệt đăng: 6/6/2019
Ngày phát hành: 21/6/2019
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25073/0866-773X/300
Tóm tắt: Văn hóa truyền thống các dân tộc thiểu số (DTTS) 
là những giá trị vật chất, tinh thần được tích tụ, gìn giữ trong toàn 
bộ quá trình lịch sử phát triển các DTTS. Trong dòng chảy văn 
hóa chung đó, mỗi dân tộc thiểu số ở nước ta đều có những nét 
riêng trong văn hóa truyền thống. Bản sắc ấy được thể hiện trước 
nhất là ở ngôn ngữ. Ngôn ngữ là thành tố quan trọng làm nên nét 
đặc trưng riêng của dân tộc, vì vậy, mất ngôn ngữ là mất đi một 
tài sản lớn, từ đó kéo theo sự mai một của văn học nghệ thuật, tôn 
giáo tín ngưỡng, phong tục tập quán, luật tục.
Do đó, trong bối cảnh cuộc sống hiện đại, việc giữ gìn, phát 
huy bản sắc văn hóa, ngôn ngữ của đồng bào các dân tộc thiểu 
số là nhiệm vụ cấp thiết. Trong đó, đặc biệt chú ý đến phương 
pháp bảo tồn văn hóa thông qua xây dựng mô hình thông tin, giáo 
dục, truyền thông bằng ngôn ngữ dân tộc trong các trường học 
và cộng đồng. 
Từ khóa: Mô hình thông tin; Giáo dục và truyền thông; Bảo 
tồn và phát huy giá trị bản sắc văn hóa các dân tộc; Ngôn ngữ 
các dân tộc; Trường Phổ thông dân tộc nội trú, phổ thông dân tộc 
bán trú.
XÂY DỰNG MÔ HÌNH THÔNG TIN GIÁO DỤC VÀ TRUYỀN THÔNG 
HIỆU QUẢ TRONG VIỆC BẢO TỒN VÀ PHÁT HUY GIÁ TRỊ BẢN SẮC 
VĂN HÓA CÁC DÂN TỘC THIỂU SỐ TRONG CÁC TRƯỜNG PHỔ THÔNG 
DÂN TỘC NỘI TRÚ, PHỔ THÔNG DÂN TỘC BÁN TRÚ VÀ CỘNG ĐỒNG 
ĐỊA PHƯƠNG QUA NGÔN NGỮ CÁC DÂN TỘC THIỂU SỐ.
Ngô Quang Sơna
Nguyễn Thị Phượngb